Sexual Health & Contraception

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Sexual Health & Contraception

Understanding Common Sexual Health Concerns

Sexual health is an essential aspect of overall well-being. Understanding common sexual health concerns, their symptoms, and ways to protect yourself is vital. This information provides an overview of various sexual health conditions to help you make informed decisions.

Chlamydia & Gonorrhoea

Contraception

Thrush and
BV

HIV and
Hepatitis

Warts and
HPV

Syphillis

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Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. Often symptomless, it can lead to serious health issues if left untreated. Testing is simple, and treatment with antibiotics is effective.

Gonorrhoea

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Symptoms can vary but may include painful urination, genital discharge, and more. Early diagnosis through testing and treatment with antibiotics is essential for a full recovery and to prevent complications.

Thrush

Thrush is a common fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of yeast in the vagina. Symptoms include itching, irritation, and a white, curd-like discharge. Antifungal medications, available as creams and oral treatments, are used to manage thrush effectively. Maintaining good hygiene practices and avoiding irritants can help prevent it.

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a bacterial imbalance in the vagina. It can lead to symptoms like unusual discharge and a fishy odour. Antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider are the standard treatment. Maintaining vaginal health through proper hygiene, protected sex, and avoiding douching can help reduce the risk of BV. Regular check-ups are recommended.

HIV

HIV is a virus that weakens the immune system, making it difficult for the body to fight infections. It’s transmitted through unprotected sex, sharing needles, or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. Early detection is crucial. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can manage HIV, allowing individuals to live healthy lives.

Hepatitis B & C

Hepatitis B and C are viral infections affecting the liver. They can lead to liver inflammation, cirrhosis, and even cancer. These viruses spread through exposure to infected blood or bodily fluids. Vaccination can prevent hepatitis B. Antiviral medications are available for treatment, particularly for chronic cases of hepatitis B and C. Regular screenings are vital for early detection.

Genital Warts

Genital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted infection. These small growths can appear on genital and anal areas. While often harmless, some strains of HPV can lead to cancer. Vaccination against HPV can provide protection. Treatment options include topical creams or procedures to remove warts.

HPV

HPV is a group of viruses transmitted through sexual contact. It’s extremely common and often asymptomatic. Certain HPV strains can lead to genital warts or cause cancer, including cervical, anal, and throat cancer. HPV vaccines are available to prevent infections. Regular screenings and early detection are vital to manage and prevent potential health issues.

Syphillis

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It progresses through stages and can have severe complications if left untreated. Early symptoms include sores, rashes, and fever. Later stages can affect the heart, brain, and other organs. Syphilis can be cured with antibiotics. Regular testing and safe sexual practices are essential for prevention.

Acid Reflux

Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, leading to heartburn and a sour taste in the mouth. Lifestyle modifications, such as dietary changes and elevating the head during sleep, can help manage symptoms. If acid reflux is frequent, a doctor may recommend medications to reduce acid production or protect the esophagus.

Indigestion

Indigestion, often described as a burning or discomfort in the upper abdomen, is a common issue. It can be triggered by overeating, consuming rich or spicy foods, or stress. Simple lifestyle changes, like eating smaller meals and avoiding trigger foods, can often alleviate indigestion. Persistent symptoms should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Diarrhoea

Diarrhea is characterized by loose, watery stools and may result from infections, food intolerance, or other factors. It can lead to dehydration, so staying hydrated is crucial. Over-the-counter medications may help manage symptoms, but persistent or severe cases require medical attention. If diarrhea is accompanied by blood or fever, seek immediate care.

Constipation

Constipation is when bowel movements are infrequent or difficult. Common causes include poor diet, dehydration, or sedentary lifestyle. To ease it, increase fiber, water intake, and exercise. In severe or persistent cases, consult a healthcare professional.

Vomiting

Vomiting is the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth. It can result from various causes, like infections, motion sickness, or overeating. Rest, hydration, and a bland diet may help. In severe cases or if accompanied by blood or other concerning symptoms, consult a healthcare provider.

Irritable Bowel

IBS is a common digestive disorder, causing symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. Stress, diet, and certain foods can trigger symptoms. Management involves dietary changes, stress reduction, and medications for symptom control. Consult a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.

Sexual Health & Contraception